Do you often hear IP? For those of you who may be closely related to computer networks, you must be familiar with IP. But, as is known for now if IP can be divided into two, namely public IP and private IP. Do the two have anything in common? If there is a difference, what is the difference between the two types of IP?
Regarding IP, maybe you can learn about computer networks and IP addresses. Starting from its meaning, function, and types before so that you can clearly understand the terms public IP and private IP.
Table of Contents
Getting to Know Computer Networks
A computer network is a collection of two or more interconnected computer systems. You can establish a network connection using wired or wireless media.
Every network involves hardware and software connecting computers and equipment.
Various hardware in a computer network are interrelated. The following are the components in a computer network:
Types of Computer Networks
Two popular architectures are ISO Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) and IBM’s Systems Network Architecture (SNA).
In computer networks, can be divided into several types. these types can be used for several needs according to what you need.
PAN (Personal Area Network)
This is a type of interconnection of information technology devices within the range of individuals, usually within 10 meters. For example, someone traveling with a laptop, personal digital assistance (PDA), and portable printer can connect them without having to plug in anything, using some form of wireless technology. Typically, these types of private area networks can also wirelessly connect to the Internet or other networks.
LAN (Local Area Network)
Any communication network to connect computers within a building or a small group of buildings. A LAN can be configured as (1) a bus, the primary channel in which nodes or secondary channels are connected in a branching structure, (2) a ring, where each computer is connected to two neighboring computers to form a closed circuit, or (3) a star, where each computer is connected directly to the central computer and only indirectly to each other.
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
This is a network coverage that has a wider area than a LAN and a smaller area compared to a WAN. It connects two or more computers that are separate but are in the same or different cities. It covers a wide geographical area and can function as an ISP (Internet Service Provider).
WAN (Wide Area Network)
A type of computer communication network that spans cities, countries, and the world, generally using telephone lines and satellite links.
Internet
And the biggest of the various types of networks is the internet. It is also a virtual community, larger than many states, with its own rules of conduct or “netiquette”. There are several types of Internet connections and different ways to obtain a connection.
Internet Network Function
The Internet does a lot of work in communication technology. It provides effective communication from one person to another. People can exchange email addresses and communicate through the chat facility which is very useful for connecting people in two different places. This will make work easier and productivity higher.
Effective communication will result in good achievements and innovations. People can execute their plans as soon as possible without having to wait any longer. People can search for the information they need and hold live conferences to make sure their plans go according to plan. Prompt communication with prospective clients will make the project run smoothly and goals can be achieved.
The internet provides various applications and communication facilities that can help people live comfortably. With so many communication apps that can be downloaded for free, people don’t have to spend a lot of money to connect with other people.
Know What is an IP Address
Discussing about computer networks will not be separated from the name IP address. IP (Internet Protocol) is closely related to computer networks, including for the internet, of course you enter an IP to be able to access a website, right?
Understanding IP Address
This is a unique address that identifies a device on the internet or a local network. IP address is a set of rules that govern the format of data sent over the internet or local network.
In essence, an IP address is an identifier that allows information to be sent between devices on a network: it contains location information and makes devices accessible for communication. The internet needed a way to differentiate between different computers, routers, and websites. IP addresses provide a way to do this and are an important part of how the internet works.
IP Address Section
An IP address is a series of numbers separated by periods. IP addresses are expressed as a set of four numbers — an example address might be 192.158.1.38. Each number in the set can range from 0 to 255. Thus, the full IP addressing range ranges from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.
The IP address consists of two parts, namely the host ID and also the Network ID.
Host ID
The first part is the host ID. This is the part of the IP Address that refers to the identity of the device on the network.
Network ID
Meanwhile, the Network ID is part of the IP Address which can provide information on where the network is active.
IP Address Class
In IPv4 IP addresses, there are five classes: A, B, C, D, and E. Each class has a specific IP address range (and ultimately determines the number of devices you can have on your network). Primarily, classes A, B, and C are used by most of the devices on the Internet. Class D and class E are for special use.
Class A IP Address
Class A addresses are for networks with a large total number of hosts. Class A allows for 126 networks using the first octet for the network ID. The first bit in this octet, is always zero.
Class B IP Addresses
Class B addresses are for medium to large sized networks. Class B allows for 16,384 networks by using the first two octets for the network ID. The first two bits in the first octet are always 10.
Class C IP Addresses
Class C addresses are used in LAN networks. Class C allows for approximately 2 million networks using the first three octets for the network ID. In a class C IP address, the first three bits of the first octet are always 1 1 0.
Class D IP Addresses
Class D IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are used for multicasting. Multicasting allows a single host to send a single stream of data to thousands of hosts on the Internet at the same time.
IP Address Class E
Class E IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are not available for general use. It is reserved for research purposes.
IP Address with Special Address
IP range: 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.255 is the network test address (also referred to as the loop-back address). This is a virtual IP address, as it cannot be assigned to a device. In particular, IP 127.0.0.1 is often used to troubleshoot network connectivity problems using the ping command.
Specifically, it tests the computer’s TCP/IP network software drivers to make sure they are working properly. Learn how to use ping 127.0.0.1 to test your computer’s TCP/IP network stack.
Broadcast Address
A broadcast address is an IP address used to target all systems on a particular subnet network, not a single host.
In other words, broadcast addresses allow information to be sent to all machines on a particular subnet rather than to a specific machine.
The broadcast address of any IP address can be computed by taking the compliment bit of the subnet mask, sometimes referred to as a reverse mask and then applying it with a bitwise OR calculation to the IP address in question.
Loopback Address
To put it simply, the loopback address, also called localhost, may be familiar to you. This is the internal address that routes back to the local system. The loopback address in IPv4 is 127.0. 01.
Network Address
Network address or network address is a key network technology component that facilitates identification of network nodes/devices and reach of devices over the network. It has several forms, including Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, media access control (MAC) and host addresses.
Types of IP Address
There are basically four types of IP addresses:
- Public,
- Personal,
- Static,
- Dynamic.
Among them, public and private addresses are based on their private network locations, which should be used inside the network while public addresses are used outside the network.
The following is a more detailed discussion of several types of IP addresses:
Private IP Address
The first is a private IP address or private which is a unique IP number assigned to each device connected to your home internet network, which includes devices such as computers, tablets, smartphones, that are used in your home.
Public IP Address
Next up is public IP addresses are addresses where one primary address is associated with your entire network. In this type of IP address, every connected device has the same IP address.
Dynamic IP Address
Dynamic IP address or dynamic IP address is always changing. This is temporary and is allocated to the device every time it connects to the web. Dynamic IP can trace its origin to a pool of IP addresses that are shared across multiple computers.
Dedicated IP Address
A dedicated IP address is a unique Internet address assigned exclusively to a single hosting account. Dedicated IP addresses allow you to: Use FTP to access your account when the domain name is inaccessible, such as during the domain name propagation period.
Static IP Address
A static IP address is just an address that doesn’t change. Once your device is assigned a static IP address, the number usually remains the same until the device is disabled or your network architecture changes. Static IP addresses are generally used by servers or other important equipment.
Shared IP Address
The last one is shared IP address means that the IP address assigned to a website or hosting account is shared between multiple domains or websites. In contrast, a dedicated IP is an IP address assigned to only one domain.
Details Regarding the Difference between Public IP and Private IP
Although it has been mentioned above regarding public IP and private IP, of course there are more fundamental differences than that.
Public and private IP addresses are two important parts of your device identity that most people rarely think about. But with the massive increase in employees working from home, and cybercrimes on the rise, it’s increasingly important to understand how your device’s IP address can reveal your identity on the internet.
Public IP
The first and the IP that is often used for corporate affairs is public IP, what is the meaning and more complete explanation?
Definition of Public IP
A public IP is an IP address that is directly accessible over the internet and assigned to your network router by your ISP. Your private device also has a private IP which remains hidden when you connect to the internet via your router’s public IP.
Using a public IP address to connect to the internet is like using a P.O. box for your snail mail, rather than giving your home address. It’s a little safer, but more visible.
Public IP Range
The public IP address range includes any numbers that are not reserved for the private IP range. Since a public IP address is a unique identifier for every device connected to the internet, a public IP address should be just that: unique.
Public IP Example
Any number that doesn’t fall within the reserved private IP address range.
- 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255;
- 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255;
- 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
Example: 10.11.12.13
Private IP
The private IP address is the address your network router assigns to your device. Each device on the same network is assigned a unique private IP address (sometimes called a private network address) — this is how devices on the same internal network talk to each other.
Understanding Private IP
Private IP addresses allow devices connected to the same network to communicate with each other without being connected to the rest of the internet. By making it difficult for external hosts or users to establish connections, private IPs help increase security in certain networks, such as your home or office.
This is why you can print documents over a wireless connection to your printer at home, but your neighbors can’t accidentally send their files to your printer.
Private IP Range
Your private IP range is within a specific private IP address range provided by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) and may not appear on the internet. There are millions of private networks worldwide, all of which include devices assigned private IP addresses in the following ranges:
- Class A: 10.0.0.0 — 10.255.255.255
- Class B: 172.16.0.0 — 172.31.255.255
- Class C: 192.168.0.0 — 192.168.255.255
This may not seem like a wide range, but it really doesn’t have to be.
Private IP Example
Any number that doesn’t fall within the reserved private IP address range
Example: 8.8.8.8.
Difference between Public IP and Private IP
The main difference between a public IP address and a private IP is how far they reach, and what they are connected to. A public IP address identifies you to the wider internet so all the information you are looking for can find you.
Private IP addresses are used in private networks to securely connect to other devices on the same network.
Public IP
- External reach (global)
- Used to communicate outside your private network, via the internet
- Unique numeric code that is never reused by other devices
- Found by Googling: “What is my IP address?”
- Assigned and controlled by your internet service provider
- Not free
Private IP
- Internal reach (local)
- Used to communicate within your private network, with other devices in your home or office
- A non-unique numeric code that can be reused by other devices on other private networks
- Found through your device’s internal settings
- Assigned to your specific device in a private network
Conclusion
When you connect to the internet, your private IP address is replaced with the public IP address assigned by your ISP. This protects your private IP and other devices on your network, while ensuring you can stay connected online. Both types of IP addresses are important for your device’s connection to the outside world.
So, the two of them can indeed work in synergy, although they can also work independently.
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