Cabling

Cabling is a combination of cabling used in telecommunications infrastructure. The cable that is usually used in computer networks is a LAN cable, and one of them is a UTP cable. The UTP LAN cable is the most popular consisting of 4 pairs of cables that are wrapped around each other with a special color code that is standard and is insulated with plastic. The level of UTP cable is indicated by the many twists or turns per inch, the low attenuation level, the lack of interference levels and the symptoms of crosstalk.

The maximum length per segment of this LAN cable is only 100 meters, if it is longer than 100 meters then we cannot guarantee the high attenuation level. Speeds that can be achieved are up to 1 Gigabit, namely from the type of UTP Cat5e LAN cable, in which the number of twists or turns of the cable pair is slightly more per inch and the addition of a single nylon cable jacket as insulation. So once again the grade of UTP cable is determined by the number of twists per inch.

Terms that are usually found in computer network cabling:

Drop cable is a cable that connects each computer with a switch. This LAN cable should use a Cat 5e UTP cable with each end having an RJ-45 connector. The minimum LAN cable is 0.6 meters and the maximum is 100 meters.

The wall jack is a connecting point similar to what we often find in telephones, so it can connect the UTP RJ-45 LAN network cable. Patch cable is a segment of UTP cable used to connect network interface cards to the wall jack or to connect other parts of this network cable installation.

Patch panels are connecting panels that provide multiple ports that supply cables to devices or other connecting hardware such as switches.

There are 2 types of cables used for workstations or between hubs / switches:

Straight-Through

This cable has 4 pairs (8 wire) where every pin between one end and the other end must be the same. That is, if one end uses the T568-A standard then the other end must use the T568-A as well. And vice versa, if one end uses the T568-B standard, the other end must use the same standard.

Crossover

In addition to Straight-Through cable types, cabling is also a crossover cable. Crossover itself is a type of cable used to connect between workstations or between hubs / switches. This type of cable uses the standard T568-A at one end, and T568-B at the other end.

In the type of Straight cable, used to connect the computer with the switch. Whereas Cross is used to connect switches with switches or switches with routers.

Note: to plug into the RJ45 the pin end of the cable must be flat because it touches the end of the RJ45, so when crimping the cable to RJ45, copper from RJ45 can touch the copper wire of the cable. And the order when entering into RJ45 must match